The three ways a sign handles its element — cardinal starts, fixed sustains, mutable adapts. Signs sharing a modality are 90° or 180° apart, which is why they tend to clash: they want the same job done in four different materials. Modality is the verb to the element's noun.
Squares and oppositions are almost always same-modality, so a modality is what a hard transit has in common with the point it is pressing on.
the way a sign moves, as distinct from what it is made of.
A cardinal square is two beginnings competing; a fixed square is two positions neither will leave.
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